Postnatal Corticosteroids to Prevent or Treat Chronic Lung Disease Following Preterm Birth

Summary

This American Academy of Pediatrics clinical report updates its 2010 guidance on postnatal corticosteroids to prevent or treat chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia) in preterm infants. It reviews randomised trials published since the last revision and supports systemic low-dose corticosteroids in infants with or at high risk of chronic lung disease, while advising against high-dose dexamethasone. It notes emerging evidence for inhaled corticosteroids delivered with surfactant, but safety data are lacking, and evidence is insufficient to recommend routine use. Clinical judgement, balancing risks, and shared decision-making with parents, with documentation of those discussions, are emphasised.

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