Stem cells for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: A randomized controlled phase II trial.

Summary

Phase II double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of intratracheal mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in ventilated preterm infants born at 23 to 28 weeks' gestation with respiratory deterioration between postnatal days 5 and 14. Stem cells reduced inflammatory cytokines in tracheal aspirate but did not significantly reduce the primary outcome of death or moderate/severe BPD. A subgroup analysis suggested less severe BPD in infants born at 23 to 24 weeks. The authors conclude the study was underpowered and a larger trial in the most preterm infants is under way.

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